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重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)又稱燃(ran)料油(you)(you)(you)(you)，呈暗(an)黑色液(ye)體，這種油(you)(you)(you)(you)就比較(jiao)粘稠，難揮發(fa)。對(dui)用作燃(ran)料的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)，除要(yao)求有高(gao)(gao)發(fa)熱(re)(re)量(liang)外，還(huan)要(yao)求： (1)黏度(du)低(di)(di)。以(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)于(yu)管(guan)道輸(shu)送，有利于(yu)噴吹霧(wu)化改(gai)善(shan)燃(ran)燒效率；重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)因(yin)含(han)(han)石蠟量(liang)多(duo)而黏度(du)大，使(shi)(shi)用時需進行預(yu)熱(re)(re)，使(shi)(shi)達(da)到100 ℃或100 ℃以(yi)(yi)(yi)上，以(yi)(yi)(yi)降低(di)(di)黏度(du)。 (2)凝固(gu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)要(yao)低(di)(di)。一般重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)凝固(gu)溫(wen)度(du)為(wei)22～36 ℃；對(dui)石蠟量(liang)多(duo)，凝固(gu)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)，應采(cai)取適當的(de)(de)(de)加熱(re)(re)措施，以(yi)(yi)(yi)便(bian)于(yu)運輸(shu)和裝卸。 (3)閃(shan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)溫(wen)度(du)高(gao)(gao)。可采(cai)用較(jiao)高(gao)(gao)的(de)(de)(de)預(yu)熱(re)(re)溫(wen)度(du)，便(bian)于(yu)輸(shu)送和霧(wu)化，一般重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)閃(shan)點(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)在180～330 ℃，都高(gao)(gao)于(yu)需要(yao)預(yu)熱(re)(re)的(de)(de)(de)溫(wen)度(du)。 (4)油(you)(you)(you)(you)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)機械(xie)雜質和含(han)(han)水(shui)量(liang)要(yao)少(shao)。雜質多(duo)和含(han)(han)水(shui)量(liang)高(gao)(gao)，不(bu)僅降低(di)(di)了重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)熱(re)(re)量(liang)，而且(qie)使(shi)(shi)用時會引起(qi)燒嘴堵塞和火焰(yan)波(bo)動，故需進行過濾，如將油(you)(you)(you)(you)和水(shui)形成乳(ru)狀液(ye)，則可以(yi)(yi)(yi)改(gai)善(shan)燃(ran)燒效果。 (5)含(han)(han)硫要(yao)低(di)(di)。一般含(han)(han)硫量(liang)為(wei)0.15%～0.30%，但也(ye)有少(shao)數(shu)重(zhong)(zhong)油(you)(you)(you)(you)含(han)(han)硫高(gao)(gao)達(da)2%，使(shi)(shi)用中(zhong)造成不(bu)良(liang)后果